Sunday, August 31, 2014

High Voltage Generator Solid State Tesla Coil

High Voltage Generator|Solid State Tesla Coil Circuit

Notes

1. T2 is a high voltage flyback transformer salvaged from an old TV, or ordered from Fair Radio Sales (see Where To Get Parts). Look for the biggest, most intimidating transformer you can find. Old tube TVs are a good place to look. The transformer should not have a rectifier built in.

2. You will need to rewind the transformers primary. First, remove the old primary, being careful not to damage the high voltage secondary. If the transformer is wound with all windings incased in plastic, use another transformer. Second, wind on 5 turns of 18 AWG wire, twist a loop (center tap), and then wind on 5 more turns. This becomes winding C-D. Now, wind on 2 turns of 22 AWG wire, twist a loop, and wind on 2 more turns. This becomes winding A-B.

3. Q1 and Q2 will run HOT if not used with a large heatsink. After the schema has been running for a minute or two, you should still be able to put your finger on the transistors without being burnt. Also, R1 and R2 will run hot.

4. If you experience arcing on the exposed transformer leads, select a lower voltage for T1. If you are powering the schema with a power supply (see Power Supply), just crank down the voltage.

5. For a real high voltage output, connect a voltage multiplier (from an old TV or computer monitor) to the output of T2.

6. If the schema does not work, reverse connections A and B.

Parts,Total Qty,Description and Substitutions here :

R1 1 27 Ohm 5W Resistor 27 Ohm 10W Resistor
R2 1 240 Ohm 5W Resistor 240 Ohm 10W Resistor
BR1 1 50 Volt, 6 Amp Bridge Rectifier
C1 1 8000uf, 35 Volt Capacitor
Q1, Q2 2 2N3055 NPN Power Transistor
T1 1 24V 5A Transformer (See "Notes")
T2 1 TV Flyback Transformer (See "Notes")
S1 1 115V 3A SPST Switch
MISC 1 Case, Wire, Heatsinks, Line Cord

Via

Power Flip Flop Using A Triac Wiring diagram Schematic

Modern electronics is indispensable for every large model railroad system, and it provides a solution to almost every problem. Although ready-made products are exorbitantly expensive, clever electronics hobbyists try to use a minimum number of components to achieve optimum results together with low costs. This approach can be demonstrated using the rather unusual semiconductor power flip-flop described here. A flip-flop is a toggling schema with two stable switching states (bistable multivibrator). It maintains its output state even in the absence of an input pulse.

Flip-flops can easily be implemented using triacs if no DC voltage is available. Triacs are also so inexpensive that they are often used by model railway builders as semiconductor power switches. The decisive advantage of triacs is that they are bi-directional, which means they can be triggered during both the positive and the negative half-cycle by applying an AC voltage to the gate electrode (G). The polarity of the trigger voltage is thus irrelevant. Triggering with a DC current is also possible. Figure 1 shows the schema diagram of such a power flop-flop. A permanent magnet is fitted to the model train, and when it travels from left to right, the magnet switches the flip-flop on and off via reed switches S1 and S2.

Power Flip-Flop Using A Triac Circuit diagram:

Power

In order for this to work in both directions of travel, another pair of reed switches (S3 and S4) is connected in parallel with S1 and S2. Briefly closing S1 or S3 triggers the triac. The RC network C1/R2, which acts as a phase shifter, maintains the trigger current. The current through R2, C1 and the gate electrode (G) reaches its maximum value when the voltage across the load passes through zero. This causes the triac to be triggered anew for each half-cycle, even though no pulse is present at the gate. It remains triggered until S2 or S4 is closed, which causes it to return to the blocking state.The load can be incandescent lamps in the station area (platform lighting) or a solenoid-operated device, such as a crossing gate. The LED connected across the output (with a rectifier diode) indicates the state of the flip-flop.

The schema shown here is designed for use in a model railway system, but there is no reason why it could not be used for other applications. The reed switches can also be replaced by normal pushbutton switches. For the commonly used TIC206D triac, which has a maximum current rating of 4 A, no heat sink is necessary in this application unless a load current exceeding 1 A must be supplied continuously or for an extended period of time. If the switch-on or switch-off pulse proves to be inadequate, the value of electrolytic capacitor C1 must be increased slightly.

How to Build Toxic Gas Detector and Alarm Circuit with TGS813

The danger always exists, when the fuel gases such as propane or gas are confined to a small area. The alarm of toxic gases figs. 1-45 utilizes a tin-oxide-semiconductor. A coil of thin wire heated by a battery 12 V via IC1 and IC2, which pulses the voltage to the coil of the sensor, saving a significant amount of energy. Diode Zener Dl provides a constant voltage to the filament coil sensor. resistance of the sensor reduces the sensor is exposed to toxic gases such as hydrogen, carbon

Carbon monoxide and propane. To reduce the resistance of the sensor, the SCR gate voltage increases. When the gate threshold voltage is reached, the SCR fires and a buzzer alarm is activated. Once activated, the bell and the switch S1 should be used to reset the alarm. Since the sensor has a good deal of thermal inertia, S1 must be off or open for about three or four minutes after the initial activation, allowing the sensor to stabilize, thus avoiding false alarms. R7 sensitivity control set to the desired value, before the activation of SCR.

How

The toxic gas alarm is sensitive to less than 100 ppm of carbon monoxide. This alarm is useful for simple gas boats, sheds and cabins. You could save a life. Some of the companies listed in the Appendix to offer plans and kits for various toxic gas sensors.

Part List
Part Description
C1 0,01-MFD, 25-V capacitor (disc)
1 9-V zener diode D1 (NTE139A)
1 D2 4-V diode zener (NTE5068A)
1 SCR D3 (NTE5408)
1 Q1 Transistor 2N2222
U1 1 CD4013 CMOS flip-flop
1 U2 CD4049 CMOS Inverter Hex
1 siren piezo BUZ 6-9V
1 S1-TGS203 toxic gas sensor (Figaro or equivalent)

1992 audi 80 Lock and Alarm Control Unit Wiring Diagram

In term of automotive , there are main lock systems, the manual and automatic lock system. The 1992 audi 80-Lock and Alarm Control Unit consists of power windows module, central lock system sensor, trunk lid alarm switch, hood alarm switch, seat belt warning module, and alarm horn.

The following schematic illustrates the Audi lock and alarm unit wiring diagram. The sensor produces alarm when an invader approaches your . The central lock unit or front passenger to simultaneously lock or unlock all the doors by pressing the key switch.

DCF77 Preamplifier Circuit

DCF77 Preamplifier Circuit Diagram. A popular project among microcontroller aficionados is to build a radio-controlled clock. Tiny receiver boards are available, with a pre-adjusted ferrite antenna, that receive and demodulate the DCF77 time signal broadcast from Mainf lingen in Germany. DCF77 has a range of about 1,000 miles. All the microcontroller need do is decode the signal and output the results on a display. The reception quality achieved by these ready-made boards tends to be proportional to their price.

In areas of marginal reception a higher quality receiver is needed, and a small selective preamplifier stage will usually improve the situation further.

The original ferrite antenna is desoldered from the receiver module and connected to the input of the preamplifier. This input consists of a source follower (T1) which has very little damping effect on the resonant schema. A bipolar transistor (T2) provides a gain of around 5 dB. The output signal is coupled to the antenna input of the DCF77 module via a transformer.

DCF77 Preamplifier Circuit Diagram

The secondary of the transformer, in conjunction with capacitors C4 and C5, forms a resonant schema which must be adjusted so that it is centered on the carrier frequency. An oscilloscope is needed for this adjustment, and a signal generator, set to generate a 77.5 kHz sine wave, is also very useful. This signal is fed, at an amplitude of a few milli-volts, into the antenna input. With the oscilloscope connected across C4 and C5 to monitor the signal on the output resonant schema, trimmer C5 is adjusted until maximum amplitude is observed.

It is essential that the transformer used is suitable for constructing a resonant schema at the carrier frequency. Our proto-type used a FT50-77 core from Amidon on which we made two 57-turn windings. It is also possible to trim the resonant frequency of the schema by using a transformer whose core can be adjusted in and out. In this case, of course, the trimmer capacitor can be dispensed with.

Single Supply fault Monitor Wiring diagram Schematic

This Single Supply fault Monitor Circuit Diagram shows a typical over/under-voltage fault monitor for a single supply. The upper trip points, controlling OUT 1, are centered on 5.5 V with 100 mY of hysteresis Wu = 5.55 V, `L = 5.45 V); and the lower trip points, controlling OUT 2, are centered on 4.5 V, also with 100 mV of hysteresis. OUT 1 and OUT 2 are connected together in a wired OR configuration to generate a power OK signal.

Single Supply fault Monitor Circuit Diagram

Single

1971 Triumph TR6R Wiring Diagram

1971 Triumph TR6R Wiring Diagram

This is 1971 Triumph TR6R 650cc Wiring Diagram: speedometer illumination, pilot light, tachometer illumination, stop lamp, contact breaker, capacitor pack, horn push, tail pilot instrument, tail instrument headlight, capacitor, rectifier, alternator, lighting switch, zener diode, ignition switch front brake switch, oil pressure switch, ammeter, dipper switch, headlamp main beam.

Saturday, August 30, 2014

Subwoofer Amplifier 100W

General Description

The TDA7293 is a monolithic integrated circuit in Multiwatt15 package, intended for use as audio class AB amplifier in Hi-Fi field applications, such as home stereo, self powered loudspeakers and Topclass TV. Thanks to the wide voltage range and to the high output current capability it is able to supply the highest power into both 4-Ω and 8-Ω loads.The built-in muting function with turn-on delay simplifies the remote operation avoiding on-off switching noises. Parallel mode is possible by connecting several devices and using pin11. High output power can be delivered to very low impedance loads, so optimizing the thermal dissipation of the system.

Features:

Multipower BCD technology
Very high operating voltage range (±50 V)
DMOS power stage
High output power (100 W into 8 Ω
THD =10%, with VS = ±40 V)
Muting and stand-by functions
No switch on/off noise
Very low distortion
Very low noise
Short-circuit protected (with no input signal applied)
Thermal shutdown
Clip detector
Modularity (several devices can easily be connected in parallel to drive very low impedances)

Circuit diagram

Basic Principles of the LC resonance circuit

If so far you are still confused how the actual origin of the resonance between the capacitor and the inductor is in progress, then the simple circuit above will answer your confusion.

Basic

By understanding a simple electrical circuit above hopefully we will be able to understand the working principle of a series of more complicated and complex that uses the relationship as a series inductor and capacitors transmitter and receiver.

Note the picture above, when the switch SW1 is pressed and released back then obtained by the same signal as in the picture above signal. Initially when SW1 is connected to the voltage supply, the capacitor will make filling fast. Then when SW1 is released charge on the capacitor will be used by the inductor as the supply voltage. In accordance with the general nature of the inductor that the DC signal will be considered ordinary wire inductor such that current flowing quickly through the inductor and the charge on the capacitor decreases rapidly exhausted. Uniquely current that was flowing through the inductor and capacitor will fill the empty capacitor back through the other terminal (negative cycle). Charging kapasior place quickly, then inductor will burden the back so that emptying of cargo going back. That so happens repeatedly (resonance occurs between L and C) until the electrical charge had been used up by these two components in the form of power losses. Equations between regular wire inductor is the inductor with wire work as usual at the time of current flowing to him. Inductors But unlike ordinary wire when current flows to him and vice versa. So it will not happen short circuit if the inductor to get the supply voltage alternating current (AC). But in ordinary wire short circuit will still occur even if the voltage of alternating current.

From the above analysis we can conclude that the LC resonance occurs because one component part affected by the characteristics of other components. For frequencies generated depend on the value of L and C itself. The greater the value of both the frequency will be smaller and smaller the value of both the frequency value will be even greater.

8 Relay Control Circuit

8 Relay Control Circuit
R1-8=4.7 Kohms T1-8= BD139 (R1-8=15 Kohms if T1-8=BD679)
RL1-8=6V-24V dc Relay D1-8=1N4148

TV Remote Jammer Using 555 IC Wiring diagram Schematic

The TV remote control transmits television signals as pulses of frequency around 37.5kHz. Each button on the remote control is pressed or equivalent has a pulse signal codes. This remote transmits pulses of the schema block of the same frequency as the remote to your TV confuse decoding the transmitted signal.

The heart of the schema is the 555 timer IC in astable schema works mode.The output series of pulses at a frequency of 18 kHz to 48 kHz by simply adjusting the 5K potentiometer. What you do is adjust the potentiometer until frequeny jives to its distance from the TV or until the signal is ignored by television.

TV Remote Jammer Using 555 IC Circuit Diagram

tv remote jammer using 555 ic circuit diagram

Read more IC Circuits

LA4440 Bridge Amplifier Wiring diagram Schematic

LA4440 is a dual channel audio amplifier IC. It can be used in two modes; one is Stereo amplifier and another Bridge amplifier mode. The LA4440 is a monolithic linear IC from Sanyo. Here I give the both schema mode of amplifier using IC LA4440.

When the IC LA4440 is in Bridge mode in the schema, its output power is 19w. In bridge mode use 4Ω-8Ω speaker. If you want stereo output(19w+19w) in bridge mode then use two copies of amplifier schema of given below. Resistor R3&R4 is to adjust the voltage gain and for making input signal of inverting amplifier.

LA4440 Bridge Amplifier Circuit Diagram

LA4440

C10 is filter capacitor used to reduce the ripple of supply voltage. Don’t decrease the value of capacitor C6&C7 less than 100uF, 10v, it may causes of the output at low frequencies goes lower. The pin-6 of LA4440 amplifier schema is audio input pin; it used in stereo amplifier mode but in bridge mode it is grounded. C8&C9 are polyester film capacitor used to preventing oscillation, and R1&R2 used for the same reason as filter resistor. Though the maximum supply voltage for both schema of amplifier is 18V but we recommend to use a 12V,3A power supply. Use a good quality heat sink with LA4440.

I think here you see little comparison between stereo and bridge amplifier of LA4440. If you want to make this amplifier project, then I recommend you the bridge one. I think it is ideal for a beginner. And I love its wattage rather than Stereo mode. There is also a possibilities as I say, make two copies of schema of bridge amplifier for stereo, it will give you 19w+19w of audio power output.

Simple Self Oscillating Switching Converter Wiring diagram Schematic

This is a Simple Self Oscillating Switching Converter Circuit Diagram. Regulation is provided by taking the rectified output of the sense winding and applying it as a bias to the base of Q2 via zener Dl. The collector of Q2 then removes drive from the gate of Ql.

Therefore, if the . output voltage should increase, Q2 removes the drive to Ql earlier, shortening the on time, and the output voltage will remain the same. De outputs are obtained by merely rectifying and filtering secondary windings, as done by D5 and C4.

Self Oscillating Switching Converter Circuit Diagram

Simple

Friday, August 29, 2014

A Pioneer In Their Own Right The Pioneer Car Stereo

Look at any good car stereo system and you’ll probably see a Pioneer car stereo unit plugged into the console. Alongside with quality speakers and a strong lineup of accessories like LCD panels and navigational devices, Pioneer products/Pioneer car stereos have earned a huge following the world over.

The Pioneer Company is a Tokyo-based corporation, and is one of the world leaders in digital entertainment products. The Pioneer Company was first founded in 1938 in Tokyo as a small radio and speaker repair shop business but today, they are recognized as a leader in technology advancements in the consumer electronics industry.

The company is truly deserving of their name. They are respected for many innovations such as interactive cable TV, the Laser Disc player, developing the first Compact Disc player for the car and the first detachable face car stereo, DVD and DVD recording, plasma display, and organic electroluminescent display. Their strength in optical disc and display technology is complemented by its state-of-the-art software products and manufacturing capabilities.

Nowadays, Pioneer car stereo units are not just simple head units. A car stereo can easily be comprised of several items built into the console of the car. Hardware like navigational devices, DVD players with LCD panels, coupled with the standard array of compact disc, mp3 and cassette players now usually go together. One would be hard-pressed not to acquire all of these, as it is such a delight to see these units work harmoniously. But traditionally, a Pioneer car stereo unit is a head unit with a radio, cassette and cd player. No matter how bare-bones this might sound, anyone will surely be impressed with the sound quality and features a Pioneer car stereo can boot.

Something like the DEH-P90HDD Pioneer car stereo single CD player head unit. The DEH-P90HDD allows you to record CD Audio (from the unit itself or from a changer) onto a 10GB hard disc drive, which holds about 200 audio CDs (using ATRAC3 digital compression). Your CDs are recognized by the pre-installed Gracenote CDDB database, which includes auto-playlists that make finding a specific CD easy. This Pioneer car stereo unit can also play your MP3 CDs plus CD Audio, CD-RW, and CD-R discs. Also, the MagicGate Memory Stick player lets you play recorded Memory Stick tracks. The Organic EL display is easy to read and accepts image downloads, so you can customize its look. Built-in DSP offers a 13-band graphic EQ and a huge variety of tools. The DEH-P90HDD is XM Ready and provides a steering wheel remote.

KEH-P4020

If cassettes are your thing, the KEH-P4020 Pioneer car stereo cassette player head unit is a good product to choose. It is a full logic cassette system with multi-color display, 45Wx4 High Power, EEQ™ equalizer system, Tuner, IP-Bus System Control, flap face and has a detachable face security.

Pioneer

If you’re planning to buy a Pioneer car stereo unit, why not match it with a set of Pioneer speakers too? Pioneer car stereo has made another innovation in their REV Series speakers, which incorporates technological breakthroughs in their IASCA award-winning Premier Reference Series (PRS) speakers. Rev Series speakers boast Pioneer’s Kevlar Fiber Composite Cones, Soft-dome tweeters and Wave guides. Each speaker features a bright yellow cone and distinctive wave guides, plus a six-spoke grill with a titanium finish that simulates chrome wheels.

With all these impressive products, is it still a wonder why they call Pioneer car stereos “Pioneer”?

Two channel Audio Video Switcher Wiring diagram Schematic

This is a simple Two-channel Audio/Video Switcher Circuit Diagram. This schema is a two-channel base band video switcher. Buffer amps Ul/Ql, U4/Q4, and associated components produce a buffered 75- video signal, which is routed to switching network K1/K2/K3. Relay K1 selects either of these two video amplifiers and feeds J7. K2 also routes the output of either video amplifier to K3, which passes the selected video channel to J8 or connects J9 to J8. U2 and J3 are audio amplifiers, which drive U7 and J8 (CD4053 analog switches) to route audio from J1 and J2 to either J14/J15, or J10/J11. Also, audio from J12/J13 can be routed to these jacks.

Two-channel Audio/Video Switcher Circuit Diagram

Two-channel

Speaker as a mic circuit

This is wonderful schema for you guys.because we can use a normal speaker instead of a mic.When the voice waves touch the speaker.Magnetic field is changed in it.As a result of that it releases small electric signal to the transistor and transistor increase it.you can make this one as a intercom too.Then you have to use two diagram for that.try this...

Generating Electricity

Sources of energy

First thing you should know about voltage, current which may be DC or AC their frequency if you dont know them please see this post see me.

1: Energy stored in water:-

The potential energy of water at higher level is utilized for generation of electricity, water power is cheap where water is found in abundance, although capital cost of hydro power plant is higher than other power generation units, but their operating cost is very low.

2: Nuclear energy:-

Controlled fission of heavily atoms such as U (235), Th (232) and artificial element like Pu(239) produce large amount of heat energy, which is then utilized on converting steam, which moves the turbine.

3: Wind energy

Wind can also used as energy source for power generation where suitable velocity is available. It only generates a small amount of electricity, which can operate small pumps at tube wells. Wind power has served many countries as power source in early days hence called wind mill.

4: Solar energy

Ray present in sun light are also used to convert water in steam, then this steam is used to move turbine to generate electricity.

Another important generation system of electricity is solar panel, which when place on sun light convert, it in to DC voltage, which then utilized to charge batteries or converted direct to AC voltage using inverter

5: Tidal energy

Ocean waves and tides contain large amount of energy, Such tides can be rise or fall, during rise time water can be stored and during fall time this stored water is utilized in moving turbines to produce electricity.

But this method is only applicable near ocean,where tides are often.

1 5V LED Flasher Wiring diagram Schematic

This is so simple schema diagram.you can power this schema with 1.5V power supply.To get maximum results please build this on a PCB

Thursday, August 28, 2014

10 16 Volt Stereo 2 x 5 5 power amplifier

This amplifier circuit or with it based on ic KA2210 main amplifier, audio amplifier circuit should disupplay minimum of 10 Volt and up to 16 volts. Power output is 2 x 5.5 W stereo amplifier att. By using this amplifier you can listen to the strains of songs from mp3 player, iPod, etc.

This is schematic diagram

KA2210

Part List

R1 = 4.7R

R2 = 4.7R

C1 = 1uF

C2 = 100uF

C3 = 47uF

C4 = 100uF

C5 = 0.1uF

C6 = 1000uF

C7 = 1uF

C8 = 100uF

C9 = 47uF

C10 = 100uF

C11 = 0.1uF

C12 = 1000uF

IC = KA2210

FM Wireless Microphone with Coil PCI Wiring diagram Schematic

This is a wireless microphone schema which transmits the FM frequency and uses a coil on the printed schema board itself. This transmitter has a good frequency stability, its sensitivity is excellent and audio consumption is about 30mA. The size of the PCI board is 25mm by 50mm.The power supply is made by a 9V battery. and its range can be more than 100 meters.

FM Wireless Microphone with Coil PCI Circuit Diagram

To improve the transfer transistor 2N2222 use in place of BC547.You have to remove the 4K7 resistor if you use a dynamic type microphone.

Auto Sound Systems One Piece at a Time

Those who are in the market for auto sound systems are probably well aware of the many decisions that need to be made throughout the process. Gone are the days when you went in, pointed to a box and walked out with all the pieces, parts, and components you would ever need for a really kickin sound. The truth of the matter is that there are many pieces and parts that work together in order to create the ultimate sound system and everyone seems to have different requirements, styles, tastes, and budgets to work with.

Because of this, many manufacturers of auto sound systems have wised up to the fact that some people will buy the components they need to create the sound system of their dreams piece by piece as budgets allow. This is actually a very intelligent way for customers on a budget to buy the sound system they are hoping to some day have. As a result you will find that speakers, amplifiers, sub woofers, and the actual stereo are often sold separately and at very reasonable prices.

Most of us hate living within limited budgets but understand that often in life it is a necessary evil. Living on a budget is not such a terrible thing really. If we had everything we wanted, what on earth would there be to look forward to? At least that is what I keep telling myself. I, however, seem to be the queen of budget living and bargain hunting. I love little more in life than finding a great deal on an item Ive had my eye on for quite a while and hate little more than finding it cheaper once Ive purchased it. As such, I tend to invest a great deal of time researching any major purchase before taking the plunge. A good auto sound system by this I mean good quality, minimal features is going to run (total package and installation) at least $1,000 with many costing a good deal more than that.

That doesnt mean you need to have a thousand bucks lying around the house in order to begin building your auto sound system. You can buy a decent set of speakers for around $200-$260 if you desire. You can find sets at lower prices, but this is the price for a fairly decent set of speakers that should serve you well. Keep in mind that you could very easily spend a lot more than this on speakers if you arent careful. Living on a budget means you have to make some sacrifices along the way in order to have the things you want in life. Buy the speakers and have them installed (if you can do it or your know someone who can, this will save a lot of time and money).

Once you have the first component, whichever one that may be (that choice is entirely up to you and largely dependent on your personal tastes and which need replacing worse in the vehicle you own) you can begin saving towards the next. You should also consider asking friends and family (who would like to know what to get you for the holidays) to help you reach your smaller goals along the way. Most people are glad to help with specific items if they know what those items are. The point is that this isnt an all or nothing proposition. Take small steps towards your prize and you will find that you are constantly getting one step closer.

Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Zinc Compounds

Researchers at the University of Basel in Switzerland say they have developed a new approach to producing environmentally sustainable photovoltaic devices. The research team developed a new method for producing dye substances and attaching them to the surface of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. With this they demonstrated that simple dye compounds based on zinc, a readily available metal, can be used.

Dye-Sensitized

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) consist of titanium dioxide, a semiconductor material coated with a colored dye. The dye absorbs sunlight and injects electrons into the titanium dioxide, which ultimately results in a photovoltaic current. Conventional DSCs use ruthenium dyes, but ruthenium is very rare and expensive. The research team showed that dyes made with abundant and relatively inexpensive copper are effective in DSCs, and that low-cost zinc compounds can also be used. Although the new devices are not yet especially efficient, the finding opens the way to new generations of DSCs with previously ignored dye types. [Link]

2W PA246 amplifier circuit

PA246

This amplifier output circuit having a fairly low at only 2W 8 ohm impedance. Minimum supply voltage is needed 4 volts and a maximum voltage 18V DC. Power amplifier circuit was very low compared with other PA IC series, an average of 30W and over.

Read more

Sound Signal Processor with MSP 34X0G

Sound

IC MSP 34X0G is a single chip that can process voice signals to all TV standard International, and very good for the digital NICAM stereo. In the IC has several advantages, namely:

Communication using the I2C bus control
Selection of a voice signal automatically (mono / stereo / bilingual)
Loudspeaker / headphones are equipped with volume control, bass, treble, loudness and balance
Loudspeaker outputs are equipped with MDB (Micronas Dynamic Bass)
AVC: Automatic Volume Correction
Equipped with Sub woofer output
Have facilities 5-Band graphic equalizer for loudspeaker
Equipped spatial effect for loudspeaker
Equipped with a matrix of voters in / out
Has a SCART 4 stereo inputs, one mono input and 2 stereo SCART output

Block

Block diagram of circuit in the IC MSP34X0G

Shock alarm circuit

Here is a simple shock sensitive alarm schema that has many many applications fro home to automobiles.The main application of this schema is to use it as an anti theft alarm in automobiles.A peizo electric sensor is used as the shock sensor which has to mounted on the door which you have to protect.

Here the IC1 LM 3558 is wired as an inverting Schmitt Trigger.The POT R1 sets the threshold voltage of the schema.R1 is used as a feed back resistor.When not activated the out put from the piezo sensor will be low and so do the output of the IC.When the piezo sensor is activated its output voltage goes high and triggers the Schmitt trigger.This results the beeping of the buzzer.The buzzer remains beeping for some time even if the vibration is removed.this is because the increase in the inverting input has little effect when the IC is triggered and the state can’t be easily reversed.

Notes.

* A 3 v battery can be used as power supply.
* Fix the sensor firmly to the surface,where ever you place it.
* It is always good to place the sensor near to the door knob.
* Adjust R2 to obtain the required sensitivity.
* Assemble the schema on a good quality PCB or common board.
* Use a IC holder for mounting the IC.

Wednesday, August 27, 2014

4 x 50 W MOSFET quad bridge power amplifier

Features

High output power capability:
4 x 50 W/4  max.
4 x 30 W/4  @ 14.4 V, 1 kHz, 10 %
4 x 80 W/2  max.
4 x 55 W/2  @ 14.4V, 1 kHz, 10 %
MOSFET output power stage
Excellent 2  driving capability
Hi-Fi class distortion
Low output noise
ST-BY function
Mute function
Automute at min. supply voltage detection
Low external component count:
Internally fixed gain (26 dB)
No external compensation
No bootstrap capacitors
On board 0.35 A high side driver
Output short circuit to gnd, to Vs, across the load
Very inductive loads
Overrating chip temperature with soft thermal limiter
Output DC offset detection
Load dump voltage
Fortuitous open gnd
Reversed battery

Circuit Diagram

4 x 50 W MOSFET quad bridge power amplifier

Ding Dong Bell circuit diagram

This is a ding dong bell schema diagram.I have attached this schema for my house.Even you can use this schema as an sound generator.When we buy this schema from the market we have to spend much money but now you can build this your self.Here I have used common Ic Ne 555 and you can operate this schema with 9V power supply.

Note

# Build this schema on a pcb

# use 9V power supply to power this schema

# When you deal with 230V be careful

Heat Sensor Fire Detector Pyroelectric

Pyroelectric

Detect the presence of fire in the world of electronics can be done by detecting changes in temperature, the presence of UV ultraviolet rays and infrared light IR. Heat Sensor pyroelectric detectors Eltec E442-3 is a heat sensor (fire) that detect the presence of infrared ray IR, and therefore often called IR-EYE.

These sensors form of Lithium Tantalate pyroelectric parallel opposed dual element high gain detector with integrated analog signal processing. These sensors can detect heat changes from -40 to +70 degrees Celsius without change siginfikan of noise and sensitivity.

To use heat sensor pyroelectric detectors Eltec E442-3, it can take a kind of cone is covered with a fresnel lens to focus the direction of the infrared ray IR. Heat sensors then pyroelectric detectors Eltec E442-3 inserted into the cone is then connected to the microcontroller. Analog output value signals which when detects heat, the sensor will cause a drastic change in output voltage.

Capacitor Circuit

©2007 HowStuffWorks

Capacitor Circuit

In an electronic schema, a capacitor is shown like this:

When you connect a capacitor to a battery, heres what happens:

The plate on the capacitor that attaches to the negative terminal of the battery accepts electrons that the battery is producing.
The plate on the capacitor that attaches to the positive terminal of the battery loses electrons to the battery.

Once its charged, the capacitor has the same voltage as the battery (1.5 volts on the battery means 1.5 volts on the capacitor). For a small capacitor, the capacity is small. But large capacitors can hold quite a bit of charge. You can find capacitors as big as soda cans that hold enough charge to light a flashlight bulb for a minute or more.

Even nature shows the capacitor at work in the form of lightning. One plate is the cloud, the other plate is the ground and the lightning is the charge releasing between these two "plates." Obviously, in a capacitor that large, you can hold a huge amount of charge!

Lets say you hook up a capacitor like this:

Here you have a battery, a light bulb and a capacitor. If the capacitor is pretty big, what you will notice is that, when you connect the battery, the light bulb will light up as current flows from the battery to the capacitor to charge it up. The bulb will get progressively dimmer and finally go out once the capacitor reaches its capacity. If you then remove the battery and replace it with a wire, current will flow from one plate of the capacitor to the other. The bulb will light initially and then dim as the capacitor discharges, until it is completely out.

In the next section, well learn more about capacitance and take a detailed look at the different ways that capacitors are used.

TDA2052 Active Audio System

This active audio audio system use three TDA2052 chips and 5 speakers ( one woofer, two tweeters and two midranges ). For this TDA2052 active audio system we need dual 20 volts power supply and five volts supply for the stand by function.To the input of the every audio IC chip is placed an audio filter for filtering the audio signal for used speakers ( low pass for woofer , high pass for midranges and tweeters)

TDA2052 Active Audio System Circuit Diagram

TDA2052

The subwoofer plays the 20 to 300 Hz frequency range, while the remaining 300 Hz to 20KHz are sent to two separate channels with stereo effect.If one of the amplifier is affected by clipping distortion the others amplifiers are not affected .

12V Flourescent Lamp Inverter

12V Fluorescent Lamp Inverter Circuit Diagram. Fluorescent tubes use far less energy than incandescent lamps and fluorescent tubes last a great deal longer as well. Other advantages are diffuse, glare-free lighting and low heat output. For these reasons, fluorescent lighting is the natural choice in commercial and retail buildings, workshops and factories. For battery-powered lighting, fluorescent lights are also the first choice because of their high efficiency. The main drawback with running fluorescent lights from battery power is that an inverter is required to drive the tubes.

12V Fluorescent Lamp Inverter Circuit Diagram

12-volt-flourescent-lamp-Inverter-schema

12-volt-flourescent-lamp-Inverter-schema

12V Fluorescent Lamp Inverter Circuit Diagram
.

Fig.1: two switch-mode diagram are involved here: the DC-DC inverter involving IC1, Q1 & Q2 and the fluoro tube driver which converts high voltage DC to AC via IC3 and Q3 & Q4 in a totem-pole schema.

Inverter efficiency then becomes the major issue. There are many commercial 12V-operated fluorescent lamps available which use 15W and 20W tubes. However, it is rare to see one which drives them to full brilliance. For example, a typical commercial dual 20W fluorescent lamp operating from 12V draws 980mA or 11.8W. Ignoring losses in the fluorescent tube driver itself, it means that each tube is only supplied with 5.9W of power which is considerably less than their 20W rating. So while the lamps do use 20W tubes, the light output is well below par.

Warning:

This schema generates in excess of 300V DC which could be lethal. Construction should only be attempted by those experienced with mains-level voltages and safety procedures.

Tuesday, August 26, 2014

Adjustable output Regulator Wiring diagram Schematic

The addition of an operational amplifier allows adjustment to higher or intermediate values while retaining regulation characteristics. The minimum voltage obtainable with this arrangement is 2 volts greater than the regulator voltage.

Adjustable output Regulator Circuit Diagram

Adjustable

40 LED Bicycle Light

The 555 schema below is a flashing bicycle light powered with four C,D or AA cells (6 volts). Two sets of 20 LEDs will alternately flash at approximately 4.7 cycles per second using RC values shown (4.7K for R1, 150K for R2 and a 1uF capacitor). Time intervals for the two lamps are about 107 milliseconds (T1, upper LEDs) and 104 milliseconds (T2 lower LEDs). Two transistors are used to provide additional current beyond the 200 mA limit of the 555 timer. A single LED is placed in series with the base of the PNP transistor so that the lower 20 LEDs turn off when the 555 output goes high during the T1 time interval. The high output level of the 555 timer is 1.7 volts less than the supply voltage.

40 LED Bicycle Light Circuit Diagram

Circuit

Adding the LED increases the forward voltage required for the PNP transistor to about 2.7 volts so that the 1.7 volt difference from supply to the output is insufficient to turn on the transistor. Each LED is supplied with about 20mA of current for a total of 220mA. The schema should work with additional LEDs up to about 40 for each group, or 81 total. The schema will also work with fewer LEDs so it could be assembled and tested with just 5 LEDs (two groups of two plus one) before adding the others.

Circuit Source: DIY Electronics Projects

Essential Home Theater Design

Relations every time require to bring habitat particular luxurious home entertainment structure. This is for the reason that just very a small number of households can afford home drama system. Of tardy, only the rich and the famous can afford such luxury. This notion is right away a feature of the ancient history. Home plays systems may well now stay vacant to greater numeral of households since of the familiarity of principal home drama design. The basic home theater design may well just require three basic components and these three components might already take place within your means in lieu of the working course group.

However, formerly you could need to think of the vital home-made show business design for your home theater organism, you may perhaps need to know the size of the scope for the home the stage stubborn up. The size of the scope to someplace the home drama want transpire set up will depend on how straightforward the home show business design needs to be.

Home theater experts recommends with the purpose of if the scope is quite diminutive, all you need pro your home plays design is a television set, three speakers and a DVD player. The home show business design may perhaps be there dependent of the shpre of the opportunity; however, the put of the speakers remains to be the not here, the aptly and the meeting place of the space. central residence show business design may perhaps require a television set superior than 27 inches. Too diminutive screen in support of your home drama design can not exist sufficient for a picture acting-like experience.

This is for the reason that even for the home acting design, you might need to consider the sight and sound of a picture drama. It is the chief consideration why dwell in stab to a show drama, the immense screen and the surround sound. With respect to the surround sound of a picture plays, the major three speakers is barely applicable on behalf of lesser quarters, if the space is larger, the local the stage design needs to take place added than three, you may perhaps go up to six speakers and a complimenting subwoofer may be needed for the surround effect. leaving back to a trivial space, if you force lone locate three speakers, you may perhaps care for to consider export a tall quality brand loudspeaker; this will make happen you adequate surround sound on behalf of a less significant scope.

If you boast a slight finances, ensure with the aim of the stockpile someplace you preference believe your speakers will allow you to test the outcome modish your opportunity and if it will not give you a fine surround sound, they be supposed to allow you to return before return the constituent. This is as roughly speakers sound good in the store but what time you at the end of the day suite them up in a insignificant opportunity, the effect is not very good. observe a neat deal wherever they can allow you to return otherwise restore the speakers. However, if your resources is sufficient, you might consider hiring the services of a residential home the stage designer. Your home theater designer wish be alive able to design the home acting better and with complete accessories. He may possibly require read-through the power rating, and the need in support of amplifiers. He may well too put in a good word for using home plays projectors and he may recommend how the speakers need to befall. You yearn for dig up a profit home drama design if you will be able to hire home drama designers. The need in favor of home theater seats and television cabinet may possibly additionally be vital for the complete package of your home acting.

You may possibly take pleasure in the entertainment exclusive of having to tide traffic jam and enjoy hip your own place of origin show business scheme.

Build a Precision Top to Top ac dc Converter Wiring diagram Schematic

Build a Precision Top to Top ac-dc Converter Circuit Diagram. Using a CA3140 BiMOS op amp and a single positive supply converts a conventional voltage doubler with two precision diodes into a precision peak-to-peak ac-to-dc voltage converter having wide dynamic range and wide bandwidth. This is the schema.

Precision Top to Top ac-dc Converter Circuit Diagram

Precision

2W PA246 amplifier circuit

PA246

This amplifier output circuit having a fairly low at only 2W 8 ohm impedance. Minimum supply voltage is needed 4 volts and a maximum voltage 18V DC. Power amplifier circuit was very low compared with other PA IC series, an average of 30W and over.

Part List :
R1 = 750K
R2 = 100K
R3 = 1K
R4 = 18K
R5 = 330K
R6 = 82K
R7 = 10K
C1 = 5uF
C2 = 100uF
C3 = 1000pF
C4 = 1000uF
C5 = 0.1uF
C6 = 5uF
U1 = PA246

TDA1557Q 2 x 22w car radio power amplifier

FEATURES

Requires very few external components

High output power

Low offset voltage at output

Fixed gain

Good ripple rejection

Mute/stand-by switch

Load dump protection

AC and DC short-circuit-safe to ground and VP

Thermally protected

Reverse polarity safe

Capability to handle high energy on outputs (VP = 0)

Protected against electrostatic discharge

No switch-on/switch-off plop

Flexible leads

Low thermal resistance.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The TDA1557Q is a monolithic integrated class-B output amplifier in a 13-lead single-in-line (SIL) plastic power package. The device contains 2 × 22 W amplifiers in BTL configuration and has been primarily developed for car radio applications.

Circuit Diagram

Circuit diagram for TDA1557Q 2 x 22w car radio power amplifier

Monday, August 25, 2014

Simple Timed Beeper Wiring diagram Schematic

Hi Everyone Yesterday upon visiting my (somewhat) local optometrist, I was advised to look up every 5 minutes or my eyes will stay

Simple Timed Beeper Circuit Diagram

Simple

Parts:

R1______220R1/4W Resistor

R2_______10M1/4W Resistor

R3________1M1/4W Resistor

R4_______10K1/4W Resistor

R5_______47K1/4W Resistor

C1_______100nF63V Polyester Capacitor

C2________22µF25V Electrolytic Capacitor

D1______1N414875V 150mA Diode

D2________3mm.Red LED

IC1_____4081Quad 2 input AND Gate IC

IC2_____406014 stage ripple counter and oscillator IC

Q1______BC33745V 800mA NPN Transistor

P1______SPST Pushbutton (Start)

P2______SPST Pushbutton (Reset)

SW1_____4 ways Switch (See notes)

PS______Piezo sounder (incorporating 3KHz oscillator)

B1______3V Battery (2 AA 1.5V Cells in series)

Device purpose:

This schema is intended for alerting purposes after a certain time is elapsed. It is suitable for table games requiring a fixed time to answer a question, or to move a piece etc. In this view it is a modern substitute for the old sand glass. Useful also for time control when children are brushing teeth (at least two minutes!), or in the kitchen, and so on.

Circuit operation:

Pushing on P1 resets IC2 that start oscillating at a frequency fixed by R3 & C1. With values shown, this frequency is around 4Hz. LED D2, driven by IC1A & B, flashing at the same oscillator frequency, will signal proper schema operation. SW1 selects the appropriate pin of IC2 to adjust timing duration:

Position 1 = 15 seconds
Position 2 = 30 seconds
Position 3 = 1 minute
Position 4 = 2 minutes

When the selected pin of IC2 goes high, IC1C drives Q1 and the piezo sounder beeps intermittently at the same frequency of the LED. After around 7.5 seconds pin 4 of IC2 goes high and IC1D stops the oscillator through D1. If you want to stop counting in advance, push on P2.

Notes:

SW1 can be any type of switch with the desired number of ways. If you want a single fixed timing duration, omit the switch and connect pins 9 & 13 of IC1 to the suitable pin of IC2.
The diagram reset is not immediate. Pushing P2 forces IC2 to oscillate very fast, but it takes some seconds to terminate the counting, especially if a high timer delay was chosen and the pushbutton is operated when the schema was just starting. In order to speed the reset, try lowering the value of R5, but pay attention: too low a value can stop oscillation.
Frequency operation varies with different brand names for IC2. E.g. Motorolas ICs run faster, therefore changing of C1 and/or R3 values may be necessary.
You can also use pins 1, 2, 3 of IC2 to obtain timings of 8, 16 and 32 minutes respectively.
An on-off switch is not provided because when off-state the schema draws no significant current.

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